Market Trends of Indonesia Geothermal Energy Industry
Increasing Demand for Electricity is Likely to Drive the Market
- Indonesia's need for electricity has grown over the years as the country's population and cities have grown. In 2021, the electricity consumption in Indonesia accounted for 168.38 million BOE (barrel oil equivalent).
- In 2021, the total electricity consumption of the household sector in Indonesia was nearly 70,289 thousand BOE. Households consumed the highest percentage of electricity, with almost 41.7% of the total electricity consumed.
- It is estimated that the household electricity demand in Indonesia is likely to increase to 350 TWh. In contrast, demand in the industrial and commercial sectors is expected to rise to about 80 TWh and 70 TWh, respectively.
- The use of electronic appliances in the household sector is expected to be the primary driver of the increase in electricity consumption. In contrast, the metal, chemical, food, and textile industries are expected to be the major drivers for industrial electricity consumption.
With a growing population, Indonesian households will likely grow to almost 80 million by 2050. This will likely increase the amount of electricity used in the coming years. Geothermal energy as a possible source of electricity is expected to grow over the next few years because the government is trying to increase the amount of electricity made from renewable energy.
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Upcoming Coal Fired Power Plant is Likely to Restrict the Market Growth
- In 2021, Indonesia's power plant installed capacity increased to nearly 74,532.94 MW, which was around 72,750.73 MW compared to the capacity in 2020. With a total installed capacity of about 51.8%, steam power plants dominated the power plant industry in 2021.
- In 2021, primary energy consumption by fuel accounted for 8.31 exajoules, which were generated from 39% coal, 16% natural gas, 34% oil, and 7.5% renewables.
- The country has a high reliance on coal-based power plants; thus, there are plans to build new coal power plants with existing coal power plants in operation. In 2021, energy consumption from coal accounted for 87.82 million BOE (barrel oil equivalent).
- In November 2022, the Indonesian government permitted the building new coal plants that had already been bid out and had a total capacity of 13 gigawatts. The country's 10-year energy plan for 2021-2030 lays out the strategy. Notably, President Joko Widodo signed legislation into law in 2022, allowing the development of "captive coal plants."
- Increasing the capacity of coal-fired power plants is expected to make up a big part of how electricity is made. It will likely meet most of the growing demand for electricity over the next few years. This is expected to slow the growth of the country's geothermal energy and other renewable sources.
